House constructed from finished product components and constructing method thereof

ABSTRACT

A house constructed from finished product components and a method for constructing such house are disclosed. The components of the house such as the finished product main frame, the finished product enclosed wall, the finished product floor cover plate, the finished product top cover plate and the finished product stair are finished product industrially constructed in different manufactories, and then transported to the constructing location respectively, and then assembled at the base of the house, so as to form a house constructed from finished product components. By using finished product components, the construction of the house has high efficiency, good quality, less material consumption and shorter construction period. Furthermore, comparing with traditional site operation, constructing house from finished product components is more environment-friendly.

CROSS REFERENCE OF RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 12/534,920, filed on Aug. 4, 2009, which claims priority ofChinese patent application No. 200810142231.0 filed on Aug. 4, 2008, theentire content of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a house, and more particularly to ahouse constructed from finished product components and a method forconstructing such house.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Conventionally, houses are constructed with various masonry materialsvia a wet construction method. However, there are some problems with themethod: firstly, a great deal of wood resources are used as undersideformworks and supporting materials, which causes large powerconsumption, low construction efficiency, long construction time, bignoise and a great deal of dust; in addition, the masonry materials usedin traditional reinforced concrete houses have large weight and poorductility, and need a large number of reinforced materials so as to meetanti-seismic requirements; finally, enclosed bodies of the traditionalreinforced concrete houses have large thermal conductivity and thereforeconsume energy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-described problem, it is one objective of theinvention to provide a house constructed from finished productcomponents that features low power consumption, high constructionefficiency, short construction time, low noise, little dust, lightweight, good anti-seismic performance, and small thermal conductivityand is applicable for multi-storey houses and high houses.

It is another objective of the invention to provide a method forconstructing a house from finished product components that features lowpower consumption, high construction efficiency, short constructiontime, low noise, little dust, light weight, good anti-seismicperformance, and small thermal conductivity and is applicable formulti-storey houses and high houses.

To achieve the above objectives, in accordance with one embodiment ofthe invention, provided is an house comprising a finished product mainframe comprising columns and beams connected to each other; an enclosedwall assembled from multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards, wherein, the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards are individually formed in one pieceand then assembled to form a whole finished product enclosed wall; afinished product floor cover plate; a finished product top cover plate;a finished product stair; wherein, the finished product main frame, thewhole finished product enclosed wall, the finished product floor coverplate, the finished product top cover plate and the finished productstair are assembled at a base of the house, so as to form a houseconstructed from finished product components.

In present embodiment, the finished product main frame, the finishedproduct enclosed wall, the finished product floor cover plate, thefinished product top cover plate and the finished product stair arefinished product industrially constructed in different manufactories,and then transported to the constructing location respectively, and thenassembled at the base of the house, so as to form a house constructedfrom finished product components.

In present embodiment, the whole finished product enclosed wall isproduced in the manufactory according to the size determined by thehouse design and assembled at the base of the house.

By using finished product components, the construction of the house hashigh efficiency, good quality, less material consumption and shorterconstruction period. Furthermore, comparing with traditional siteoperation, constructing house from finished product components is moreenvironment-friendly.

In a class of this embodiment, the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard comprises a structure layer, at leastone light-weight filling block disposed on an inner side of thestructure layer, and a heat insulation layer attached to an outer sideof the light-weight filling block. The structure layer fills a gapbetween the heat insulation layer and the light-weight filling block andattaches the heat insulation layer to the light-weight filling blockwhereby forming the whole finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboard. The structure layer is a reinforced concrete layercomprising a reinforced framework arranged around and between thelight-weight filling blocks, a reinforced net disposed outside the heatisolation layer and connected to the reinforced framework and fine-stoneconcrete filling gaps between the reinforced framework, reinforced net,light-weight filling blocks and heat isolation layer, so as to form afinished product composite prefabricated external wallboard in onepiece.

In a class of this embodiment, the floor cover plate and the top coverplate are light-weight laminated slabs comprising at least twosubstrates formed by a hollow stripe board made of prefabricated andreinforced light aggregate concrete disposed on the finished productmain frame through a support frame; a reinforced net and a reinforcedframework disposed between the at least two substrates; fine-stoneconcrete filling gaps between the reinforced framework, reinforced net,two substrates and the finished product main frame, so as to form alaminated floor cover plate or top cover plate. The laminated floorcover plate or top cover plate is a concrete plate of waffle beam havingfine stiffness and more than 5-6 folds of design carrying capacity,reducing 40% of concrete consumption.

In a class of this embodiment, the support frame is provided with a studjointed with the reinforced net and/or the reinforced framework so as toform a steel laminated floor cover plate or top cover plate.

In a class of this embodiment, the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards disposed on different floors arezigzag clutch connected, outside protruding portions and inside groovesof the multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards on different floors are clutch connected to each other,vertical grooves are downwardly disposed on an end of each of themultiple finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards toform cavities, ends of multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards and the cavity are filled with waterproof glue.

In a class of this embodiment, each of the multiple finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards is fixed on an outside ofthe finished product main frame via coordination between the pluralityof wallboard mounts and a plurality of aseismatic and energy-dissipationconnector, wherein, the aseismatic and energy-dissipation connectorcomprises a high-strength bolt, and the wallboard mount comprises a boltsleeve disposed in each of the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards, in such a way, the high-strength boltpasses through a screw hole on the finished product main frame andthread connected to the bolt sleeve and fixes the each of the multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards on thefinished product main frame, and a damping pad is disposed at aconnection of the high-strength bolt and between the each of themultiple finished product composite prefabricated external wallboardsand the finished product main frame.

Accordingly to present embodiment, the multiple finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards is fixed on an outside ofthe finished product main frame when the high-strength bolt is screwed,a certain press is generated on the damping pad. In such a way,earthquake energy can be weakened or absorbed and the house safe factorcan be improved.

In a class of this embodiment, the finished product floor cover plateand the finished product top cover plate are directly fixed on thefinished product main frame.

In a class of this embodiment, the finished product main frame is asteel frame formed by steel columns and steel beams connected to eachother.

In a class of this embodiment, the finished product main frame is asteel frame.

In a class of this embodiment, the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards on the same storey are planarlyconnected.

In a class of this embodiment, a supporting plate is disposed on thefinished product main frame and operates to support the multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards, multiplepositioning pins are vertically disposed on the supporting plate, andmultiple positioning holes are disposed on a top surface and a bottomsurface of the multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards and correspond to the positioning pins.

To achieve the above objectives, in accordance with one embodiment ofthe invention, provided is a method for constructing a house comprisinga finished product main frame, an enclosed wall, a finished productfloor cover plate, a finished product top cover plate, a finishedproduct stair, wherein, the method comprising step 1, individuallyforming multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards in one piece; step 2, individually forming the finishedproduct stair in one piece; step 3, performing foundation constructionof the house; step 4, installing the columns and beams of the finishedproduct main frame; step 5, installing an enclosed cover from assemblingthe multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards onto the finished product main frame; step 6, installing afinished product top cover plate and finished product stair onto thefinished product main frame.

Components of a main part of the house, such as the finished productmain frame, the finished product floor cover plate, the finished producttop cover plate and the enclosed wall are prefabricated except for abasic part of the house, and thus industrial production is realized.Construction of the house is implemented by industrially producedcomponents and products and processes such as field installation,connection, modification and so on. At the time a base of the house isconstructed, factory production of various house components areperformed. After the base is constructed, the finished product mainframe, the finished product floor cover plate, the finished product topcover plate and the enclosed wall are installed. The invention reduces agreat deal of field work, and storey structure and external wallconstruction do not need a large amount of support frames and scaffolds,which saves energy consumption, water consumption, construction land andconstruction materials, and reduces construction noise and dust andconstruction time. Standardization and integration of house componentsand products are beneficial for application of new technology andmaterials and renewable energy such as solar energy. For example, solardevices are disposed on roofs, balconies and sunny sides of wall, oroutside the structure layer, and the house is capable of improvingresidence comfort and increasing available use area, reducingconsumption of energy and water, and thus facilitating a green house andgreen construction. Moreover, the invention is capable of implementingstandardization, serialization and finalization, house drawinglibraries, performing house design via digital management, andpresenting architectural styles and aesthetic perception via designtechniques such as difference of house layout, modeling of balconies,materials of decorative surface, color configuration and so on.

The finished product main frame of the invention may employ a steelframe since steel is a renewable material that features good technicalperformance and ductility and capable of improving structural bearingcapacity and seismic performance. Various steel components are easy forlarge-scale production, and feature high production efficiency and highproduct quality in manufacturing. With increasing demand for steel, toconstruct houses with steel is a development trend.

The finished product floor cover plate and the finished product topcover plate are light-weight laminated slabs. The light-weight laminatedslab uses a hollow stripe board made of prefabricated and reinforcedlight aggregate concrete as a substrate to replace a traditional processof laying wooden formworks for a finished product floor cover plate anda finished product top cover plate made of cast-in-situ concrete. Thesubstrate is disposed on a special support frame to replace a supportheadframe.

A reinforced framework is disposed between the substrates, a reinforcednet is disposed on an upper surface of the substrate, and the reinforcedframework and the reinforced net are cast via C30-grade fine-stoneconcrete to form the light-weight laminated slab. Since the hollowstripe board of the floor cover plate and the top cover plate can bedirectly disposed on a finished product main frame that is alreadyconstructed via the support frame, the number of bottom formworks andsupports is reduced, which improves production efficiency, reduceseffect to surrounding environment, and overcomes limitation ofstorey-by-storey construction. After the finished product main frame isconstructed, construction can be performed from any storey upwardly ordownwardly, or from multiple stories simultaneously whereby reducingconstruction time. After the light-weight laminated slab is formed, theonly wet construction process—filed concrete casting is performed. Afterconsolidation, the light-weight laminated slab is firmly combined withthe finished product main frame to form a combined structure interactedby a composite concrete floor cover or top cover and the finishedproduct main frame and bearing different acting force of the house.Construction of the light-weight laminated slab does not need todismount a top bracing, a form spacer and a hoisting machine, anddecreases some dominant processes. Moreover, the hollow stripe board,the reinforced framework and the reinforced net can be directlyprocessed in factories based on standards and transmitted to aconstruction field for installation, which greatly improves productionefficiency, reduces construction time and helps to implementindustrialization of manufacturing.

The finished product composite prefabricated external wallboard of theinvention comprises a structure layer, a light-weight filling block, anda heat insulation layer. The structure layer is a reinforced (thereinforced framework and the reinforced net) concrete layer in the shapeof a rib, and disposed on an outer side and surrounding of a wall board,and in a gap of the light-weight filling block, which makes thestructure layer capable of bearing external force, climate change andrain erosion.

In factories, the multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards is formed by casting light-weight filing block andheat insulation materials, and post-casting, high-strength, waterproofand fine-stone concrete of the reinforced net with doors and windows.After inside and outside decoration, the integral external wallboard istransmitted to the field for installation, which replaces traditionalprocesses such as installing scaffolds, house walls, decorating and soon. The multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards can be installed sequentially and upwardly with the finishedproduct main frame or on different stories simultaneously after thefinished product main frame is constructed. A supporting plate isdisposed on a supporting point of the finished product main frame,multiple positioning holes are disposed on the multiple finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards are aligned with positioningpins disposed on the supporting plate, which makes it easy for adjacentfinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards to bepositioned. After positioning, high-strength bolts are used fortightening and fixing via optimized fastening force, and a damping padis disposed in a gap between the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard and the finished product main frame.Pressure is generated after the bolt is tightened, under the action ofthe pressure, the damping pad is worn and deformed, and therefore iscapable of implementing a seismic and energy dissipation effect,reducing force applied by an earthquake to the house, and improvingseismic performance of the house. The finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards on different stories are clutchconnected, which is beneficial for stabilization and firmness ofinstallation of the external wallboard. Ends of the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards on the same storey areparallel connected. Connection between the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards on different stories and that on thesame storey are caulk sealed to improve a sealing effect. A pair ofvertical slots is disposed on both ends of the connection betweenfinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards on the samestorey and form a cavity, which increases space of caulk sealing,guarantees tight connection between the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards, facilitates a rain-proof andanti-seepage effect, and keeps warm and prevents colds. A joint betweenthe finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards isdisposed on the finished product main frame, which helps to performcaulk sealing of the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards and ensures connecting quality.

The finished product composite prefabricated external wallboard forms anintegral external wallboard made based on a dimension of one room,namely one finished product composite prefabricated external wallboardsis an external wall of one room.

According to present invention, the enforced light aggregate concrete isC30-grade and has a seepage-resistant grade of P6. The light-weightfilling block is light-weight-material prefabricated plate with a bulkdensity less or equal to 500 kg/m² with certain strength. Thelight-weight filling block is dispose on an inner side of the finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboard whereby reducing anoverall weight of the external wallboard and insulating (absorbing)sound. A squeezed foam board has a very low heat transfer coefficient,and is disposed on a middle portion of the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard as a heat insulation layer and operatesas a heat insulation material for the wall. An external-wall door and awindow frame are disposed in a mould before concrete is cast, so thatthe door and the window frame are firmly disposed in the wall, whichimproves weather ability of the door and the window frame. The inventioncan facilitate construction of the external wall of the house bytransferring the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard to the field and perform installation one by one and caulksealing, which decreases construction time, greatly reduces work amountof field construction, construction cost, and effect of constructionland to the environment, increases the number of renewable materials,and facilitates real industrialization.

In a class of this embodiment, a gap between the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards is disposed on the finishedproduct main frame, which makes it convenient to perform caulkingsealing on the gap between the finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards and ensures connecting quality.

In a class of this embodiment, the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards disposed on different floors arezigzag clutch connected, outside protruding portions and inside groovesof the multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards on different floors are clutch connected to each other,vertical grooves are downwardly disposed on an end of each of themultiple finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards toform cavities, ends of multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards and the cavity are filled with waterproof glue.

Except for industrialization of the main part of the house,standardization and industrialization of indoor bathrooms and stairs arealso implemented. The bathrooms are configured to have several styles,sanitary wares are selected and molded in an integral or a combined formvia polyester composites with pipe joints and connectors being reserved,and processes such as production of the wall, the sanitary wares andother accessories, decorative processing and so on are implemented infactories. Then, they are transmitted to the field for installation andconnected to the reserved pipe joint, whereby facilitating convenientconstruction of the bathrooms, reliable quality and reduced constructioncost.

The finished product main frame employs a steel frame that is mature,safe and reliable, makes it convenient for industrialization,large-scale production and recycling use of resources, reduces weight ofan upper portion of the house, features comparatively large ductility, agood seismic performance and convenient field installation andconstruction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Detailed description will be given below in conjunction withaccompanying drawings, in which

FIG. 1 a is a schematic view of a house of an exemplary embodiment ofthe invention;

FIG. 1 b is a front view of a house of an exemplary embodiment of theinvention;

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of an F joint in FIG. 1 b of anexemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of an F joint in FIG. 1 b of anotherexemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of a G joint in FIG. 1 b of anexemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of a P joint in FIG. 1 b of anexemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of an I joint in FIG. 1 b of anexemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates connection between finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards on different stories;

FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of a G position in FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged view of an R position in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards of a first exemplary embodiment of theinvention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 10 along a line A-A;

FIG. 12 is a top view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard of a second exemplary embodiment of theinvention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 13 along a line B-B;

FIG. 15 is a top view of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard of a third exemplary embodiment of theinvention;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 16 along a line C-C;

FIG. 18 is a top view of FIG. 16;

FIG. 19 illustrates a wallboard mount disposed in a finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboard;

FIG. 20 is a top view of a wallboard mount in FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a light-weight laminated slab of anexemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of a light-weight laminated slab inFIG. 21;

FIG. 23 illustrates connection between a light-weight laminated slab anda finished product main frame;

FIG. 24 illustrates connection between an finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard and supporting plate of a finishedproduct main frame; and

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of FIG. 24 along a K direction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

As shown in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, an house of the invention comprises afinished product main frame 101, an enclosed wall 102, a finishedproduct top cover plate 103, a finished product floor cover plate 104, aseparation wall 106, a finished product stair 107, a bathroom 108, and abalcony 109. The enclosed wall is assembled by multiple finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards 202. The bathroom 108, thebalcony 109, and the finished product stair 107 are respectively anintegral prefabricated bathroom, an integral prefabricated balcony, andan integral prefabricated finished product stair which are hoisted to adesigned position for installation. The finished product main frame 101is a steel frame, and comprises steel columns and steel beams connectedto each other via welding or high-strength bolts. The finished productmain frame 101 can also be a steel frame.

The finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards and thefinished product stair 107 are fixed on the finished product main frame101. The bathroom 108 is disposed on the finished product floor coverplate 104, and comprises sanitary wares and accessories. The bathroom108 is configured to have several styles, and sanitary wares areselected, and are molded in an integral or a combined form via polyestercomposites with pipe joints and connectors being reserved. Processessuch as production of the wall, the sanitary wares and otheraccessories, decorative processing and so on are implemented infactories. Then, they are transmitted to the field for installation andconnected to the reserved pipe joint. Kitchen stoves can be directlyinstalled for approved products. The finished product top cover plate103 and the finished product floor cover plate 104 are light-weightlaminated slabs. Field cast concrete is fixedly connected to thefinished product main frame 101. The separation walls 106 aretransmitted to field and installed one-by-one on the finished productfloor cover plate 104 after being prefabricated, and an upper end and alower end thereof are fixed on the finished product floor cover plate104 via a buckle.

As shown in FIGS. 10-12, a schematic view of the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboard. The finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboard is an external wallboardformed by a structure layer 1 operating as a support framework, 12light-weight filling blocks 3 arranged in three rows and disposed on aninner side of the structure layer, and a heat insulation layer 2. Thereis no specific requirement for a shape and dimension of the light-weightfilling block 3, and it is normally square, rectangular, triangular andso on and has a dimension between 500 and 850 mm. The heat insulationlayer 2 is attached to the outside of the light-weight filling block 3.The heat isolation layer 2 is disposed outside of the light-weightfilling block 3, and the structure layer 1 is disposed on a lateral sideof the external wallboard. The structure layer 1 fills a gap between theheat isolation layer 2 and the light-weight filling block 3, andattaches them altogether whereby forming the integral externalwallboard. The heat isolation layer 2 is a squeezed foam board layer.The light-weight filling block 3 is a light-weight-materialprefabricated plate having a bulk density less or equal to 500 kg/m².The light-weight filling blocks 3 are parallel disposed on one layer,and a gap is disposed between adjacent light-weight filling blocks 3.The structure layer 1 is a reinforced concrete layer, and comprises areinforced framework 11 disposed around the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard and between the light-weight fillingblocks 3, and a reinforced net 12 disposed outside the heat isolationlayer 2 and connected to the reinforced framework 11. The reinforcedframework 11 around the finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboard is formed by reinforcing bars that are bent andbound, and in the shape of a pane. The reinforced net 12 is a reinforcednet formed via a circular weft knitting technology. Concrete is castinto the reinforced framework 11 and the reinforced net 12, and gapsaround the heat isolation layer 2 and the light-weight filling blocks 3whereby forming a reinforced concrete layer. The concrete is fine-stoneconcrete having a C30-grade and a seepage-resistant grade of P6. Thereinforced concrete layer attaches the light-weight filling blocks 3 andthe heat isolation layer 2 whereby forming the integral externalwallboard 3 whereby forming the integral external wallboard. Heatinsulation materials are disposed in a gap between adjacent light-weightfilling blocks 3 whereby forming the heat insulation layer 2.Light-weight pearlite mortar is used to float inner surface of thelight-weight filling blocks 3 whereby forming inner surface 20 of thewallboard. A hoisting part 5 and multiple positioning holes 7 aredisposed on the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard, and the hoisting part 5 is disposed at the top of thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboard and operatesto hoist the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard. The positioning holes 7 are vertically disposed on an upperend and a lower end of a side plate of the external wall, and operate toinstall and position the finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboard on the finished product main frame 1. A pair ofprotruding parts 9 and grooves 8 is disposed on an upper end and a lowerend of the finished product composite prefabricated external wallboard,and the protruding parts 9 and the grooves 8 are fit with each other.The protruding parts 9 and the grooves 8 on adjacent stories are clutchconnected. A semicircular vertical groove 15 is disposed on a side ofthe finished product composite prefabricated external wallboard, andoperates to increase space for waterproof and caulking processingbetween adjacent finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards. Multiple wallboard mounts 6 are disposed in the finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboard, specifically in fourcorners in the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard, and connected to the finished product main frame.

As shown in FIGS. 13-15, a finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboard with a pre-buried door frame 16 is illustrated. Otherparts of the finished product composite prefabricated external wallboardcomprise a structure layer 1 operating as a support framework, two rowsof light-weight filling blocks 3 disposed on an inner side of thestructure layer, and a heat insulation layer 2. The light-weight fillingblocks 3 are disposed on both sides of the door frame 16.

As shown in FIGS. 16-18, a floating windowsill 17 and a window frame 21are pre-buried on the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard, and other parts of the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard comprise a structure layer 1 operatingas a support framework, three rows of light-weight filling blocks 3disposed on an inner side of the structure layer, and a heat insulationlayer 2. The light-weight filling blocks 3 are disposed on both sides ofthe window frame 21 and below the floating windowsill 17. The floatingwindowsill 17 is cast and prefabricated via fine-stone concrete, and aheat insulation layer 18 is disposed in the floating windowsill 17.

As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, a supporting plate 70 is disposed on thefinished product main frame 1 and operates to support and position thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboard 202. Thesupporting plate 70 is a T-shaped plate, multiple positioning pins 72are vertically disposed on a horizontal part thereof, and multiplepositioning holes 7 corresponding to the positioning pins 72 aredisposed on a top surface and a bottom surface of the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboard.

As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, a wallboard mount 6 is pre-buried in thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboard. Thewallboard mount 6 comprises a bolt sleeve 63 disposed in a structurelayer 1 of the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard and being perpendicular to the wall of the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboard. Internal thread is disposedon inner wall of the bolt sleeve 63, a connecting plate 62 perpendicularto the bolt sleeve 63 is disposed on a front part of the bolt sleeve 63,a connecting rod 65 is perpendicular thereto is disposed on a rear partof the bolt sleeve 63, and a reinforced framework 61 is disposed outsidethe bolt sleeve 63. The connecting plate 62 and the connecting rod 65are strengthening parts operating to improve stability of the boltsleeve 63 in the structure layer 1 and connection strength of thewallboard mount 6.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8, connection between finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboards on the same storeyand that between the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard and the finished product main frame are illustrated, in whichFIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate connection between finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards at corners, and FIGS. 4, 5 and 6illustrate connection between finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards on the same storey on one side of the house.Finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards 202 on thesame storey are planarly connected, Adjacent ends of adjacent finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboard 202 are planes. Thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboard 202 is fixedon a joint between a steel column and a steel beam of the finishedproduct main frame 101 by fitting the wallboard mounts 6 disposed onfour corners of the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard with a seismic and energy-dissipation connector. The seismicand energy-dissipation connector comprises a high-strength bolt 404. Thewallboard mount 6 comprises a bolt sleeve disposed in the finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboard 202. The bolt 404passes through a screw hole on the finished product main frame 101, isthread connected to the sleeve and fixes the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard on the finished product main frame 101.A damping pad 303 is disposed at a connection of the bolt and betweenthe finished product composite prefabricated external wallboard 202 andthe finished product main frame 101.

An end at a connection between two finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards 202 on the same storey is a plane, anda vertical groove 15 is downwardly disposed on an end of each of thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards 202. Thetwo vertical grooves 15 form a cavity. After installation of allfinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards isfinished, a caulking sealing process is performed between ends of thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboard 202 and inthe cavity. As shown in FIG. 8, foaming polyurethane 53 is injected intoa middle part of the gap and into the cavity, a pair of double-facedfoaming rubber strips 52 are filled in both sides of the foamingpolyurethane 53, and waterproof glue 51 is filled in a lateral outsidethereof. Alternatively, the foaming polyurethane is not injected intothe cavity, and the double-faced foaming rubber strips 52 are filled inboth sides of the cavity. The waterproof glue 51 filled in a lateraloutside thereof fills a gap between the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard, which facilitate a waterproof effect.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, connection between finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard 202 on adjacent stories is illustrated.Finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards ondifferent stories are zigzag clutch connected, and protruding portionsand grooves of the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards on different stories are clutch connected to each other.Caulk sealing and waterproof processing are performed in a gap therebetween. Foaming polyurethane 53 in injected into the middle of the gap,double-faced foaming rubber strips 52 are filled in both sides of thefoaming polyurethane 53, and waterproof glue 51 is filled in a lateraloutside thereof, whereby filling the gap between the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboard 202 on adjacent stories andfacilitating a waterproof effect.

As shown in FIGS. 21, 22 and 23, the invention uses light-weightlaminated slabs as the finished product top cover plate 103 and thefinished product floor cover plate 104. The light-weight laminated slabuses a hollow stripe board made of prefabricated and reinforced lightaggregate concrete as a substrate 40. The substrate 40 is disposed on asupport frame 45. A reinforced framework 42 and a reinforced net 43 arerespectively disposed between the substrates 40 and on the substrate 40,and are cast via C30-grade fine-stone concrete 41 to form thelight-weight laminated slab fixedly connected to the finished productmain frame 101. Since the substrate 40, namely the hollow stripe boardcan be directly disposed on the finished product main frame 101 that isalready constructed via the support frame 45, the number of bottomformworks and supports is reduced, which improves production efficiency,reduces effect to surrounding environment. Post-casting of thelight-weight laminated slab is the only wet construction process, afterconsolidation, the light-weight laminated slab is firmly combined withthe finished product main frame 1 to form a combined structureinteracted by a composite concrete floor cover or top cover and thefinished product main frame and bearing different acting force of thehouse.

Construction of the house of the invention comprises steps of:

1. Firstly, an architecture design scheme is determined, a detailedconstruction drawings are made based thereon according tostandardization and digitalization, foundation construction of the houseis performed based on the detailed construction drawings, andlarge-scale production of upper parts such as the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboard, the finished product stair,the bathroom, the balcony, the light-weight laminated slab and so on isconducted in factories.

2. After foundation construction of the base is completed, the finishedproduct main frame is installed, which comprising installing steelcolumns and then steel beams, connection between the steel columns andthe steel beams is implemented by high-strength bolts or welding.

3. After the finished product main frame is constructed, the enclosedwall is installed, the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard using light-weight filing block and heat insulation materials,and post-casting, high-strength, waterproof and fine-stone concrete ofthe reinforced net are cast with doors and windows to form an integralexternal wallboard. After inside and outside decoration, the integralexternal wallboard is transmitted to the field for installation, whichreplaces traditional processes such as installing scaffolds, housewalls, decorating and so on. The finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards can be installed sequentially andupwardly with the finished product main frame or on different storiessimultaneously after the finished product main frame is constructed. Asupporting plate is disposed on a supporting point of the finishedproduct main frame, multiple positioning holes are disposed on theexternal wallboard are aligned with positioning pins disposed on thesupporting plate. The finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboard is disposed on the supporting plate, and then a damping pad isdisposed in a gap between the finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboard and the finished product main frame, high-strengthbolts are used for tightening and fixing via optimized fastening force.The damping pad is capable of implementing a seismic and energydissipation effect, reducing force applied by an earthquake to thehouse, and improving seismic performance of the house. Finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards on different stories areclutch connected, sealing and waterproof caulking processing isperformed on connection between finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards on different stories and that between finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboards on the same storey,whereby ensuring firm connection between the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards. A gap between the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboard is disposed on the finishedproduct main frame, which makes it convenient to perform caulkingsealing on the gap between finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards and ensures connecting quality.

4. After installation and construction of the enclosed wall arecompleted, the finished product floor cover plate and the finishedproduct top cover plate are installed. The finished product floor coverplate and the finished product top cover plate use light-weightlaminated slabs, the light-weight laminated slabs use hollow stripeboards made of prefabricated and reinforced light aggregate concrete assubstrates, and the substrate is disposed on the support frame. Areinforced framework and a reinforced net are respectively disposedbetween the substrates and on an upper surface of the substrate, castvia C30-grade fine-stone concrete, and fixedly connected to the finishedproduct main frame.

5. Processes such as production of the wall, the sanitary wares andother accessories, decorative processing and so on are implemented infactories. Then, they are transmitted to the field for installation andconnected to the reserved pipe joint.

6. The separation wall: a hollow stripe board is prefabricated infactories according to a required size and transmitted to the field forconnection and installation.

7. The balcony: it is integrally prefabricated according to designdrawings and disposed on the steel beam protruding from the finishedproduct main frame.

8. The finished product stair: it is sectional prefabricated accordingto design drawings and installed on the steel beam of the finishedproduct main frame in a finished product stair case.

9. Electric circuits: they are buried according to design drawings atthe time the wallboard is prefabricated and post-casting of the floortop cover is performed, and circuits are installed as indoor decorationis performed.

10: Water supply and sewerage pipelines: pipelines are installed inreserved pipeline holes after the finished product floor cover plate isconstructed.

Table 1 indicates analysis and comparison between consumables of theinvention and those of a traditional cast-in-situ reinforced concretehouse.

TABLE 1 Analysis and comparison of consumables (applicable formulti-storey and small sized multi-storey houses) Consumables per NumberPosition Specific project square house area Remark 1 Main I. the housestructure 1. steel framework 42-50 kg/m² 2. hollow stripe 0.85 m²/m²board substrate made of reinforced light-weight concrete 3. post-castingC30 0.065 m³/m² concrete 4. reinforced net 7.5 kg/m² laminated slab II.traditional cast-in-situ reinforced concrete house 1. reinforcements of52-70 kg/m² cast-in-situ C25 reinforced concrete 2. cast-in-situ C250.22 m²/m² concrete 3. wood form 1.6-1.8 m²/m² can be reused for 3-4times 4. top bracing 40 kg/m² renewable 2 External I. finished productwallboard composite prefabricated external wallboard 1. light-weight-0.13 m³/m² material prefabricated plate 2. 25 mm squeezed 0.025 m³/m²foam board 3. C30 fine-concrete 0.06 m³/m² composite layer anddecorative surface 4. installation and 0.6-0.7 m/m² caulking sealing II.traditional block external wall 1. 200 mm foaming 0.2³/m² concrete block2. cement mortar 1 m²/m² substrate 3. 30-50 mm 1 m²/m²plastic-extrusion- plate heat insulation layer 4. combined layer 1 m²/m²5. protection layer 1 m²/m² and decorative surface 6. scaffold 1 m²/m²equipments 7. vertical 1 m²/m² transportation of various materials

Remarks:

1. Indoor decoration, facilities such as bath rooms, kitchens and so on,architectural modeling of doors and windows, and decorative processingare the same and will not be compared in economic.

2. Cost spent on foundation construction can be reduced by 15-25%according to different geological conditions since weight of upperstructure thereof is decreased by approximately 30-40%.

3. Construction time of traditional field construction is long as beinglimited by a main construction procedure, procedures of the inventioncan be performed simultaneously and construction time thereof is reducedby 40-50%. As construction time is extended for one month, interest costis increased by 1%-2%. Economic benefit of the invention embodiescapital amount and capital flow cost.

Test on the House of the Invention

1. Structure Loading Test on the Finished Product Floor Cover Plate Madeby the Light-Weight Laminated Slab

The loading test aims at testing stress of relevant positions of thefloor cover structure (containing the steel beam of the floor cover)under the action of loading, and deforming and crack development of thestructure part. The test is conducted by Shenzhen Institute of HouseResearch Co., Ltd, and test report is also written thereby.

Test basis: Standard Methods for Testing of Concrete Structures (Chinanational standard GB50152-92)

The finished product floor cover plate employs a bi-directional plate(bi-directional forced) with a span of 4 m×4.5 m, and a unidirectionalplate (unidirectional forced) with a span of 2.5 m. The loading test isconducted for two times, the first loading test comprises a scenariowhere stress of surrounding supporting steel beams varies as the floorcover made of laminated slabs is constructed, loading is stopped as aload value of the unidirectional plate is twice than a designed standardload value. Mid-span deflection of the plate is only 0.84 mm(L_(o)/2976), mid-span stress of a plate rib is 32^(N)/mm², and negativereinforcement stress of a support is 54^(N)/mm².

As a load value of the bi-directional late is 4.2 times than a designedstandard load value and a first crack appears, loading is stopped. Shortmid-span deflection of the plate is 4.32 mm (L_(o)/926), and longmid-span deflection of the plate is 6.35 mm (L_(o)/710).

Central Reinforced Stress:

-   -   short mid-span stress of a plate rib 61^(N)/mm²    -   long mid-span stress of a plate rib 52^(N)/mm²    -   short negative reinforcement of a support 54^(N)/mm²    -   long negative reinforcement of a support 32.4^(N)/mm²

To demonstrate bearing capability of the light-weight laminated plate tobe damaged, another damage load test is conducted.

A unidirectional plate: load value thereof is 7.5 times than a designedstandard load (namely 35 KN/m²), the maximum mid-span deflection is 6.4mm (L_(o)/390), since loading blocks are highly piled, it is impossibleto load any more.

A bi-directional plate: load value thereof is 13 times than a designedstandard load (namely 32.5 KN/m²), the mid-span deflection is 12.85 mm(L_(o)/311), and a width of the crack at the bottom of the plate is 1.5mm. At this time the finished product floor cover plate is regarded asentering a plastic deforming phase. The test indicates the finishedproduct floor cover plate made of the light-weight laminated slab hashigh bearing capacitance and enough safety reservation.

2. Heat Resistance Test on the Finished Product Composite PrefabricatedExternal Wallboard

The loading test and heat resistance test are conducted by ShenzhenInstitute of House Research Co., Ltd, and test report is also writtenthereby. The test is based on China national standard GB/T13475-92 named“House Element—Determination of Steady-state Thermal TransmissionProperties—Calibrated and guarded hot box”. A test equipment employs aBW-1212WT-type stable heat transmission test system JN002.

Test condition: air temperature in the hot box is 35° C., airtemperature in the cool box is −10° C. Air flow rate in the hot box isnatural convection, and air flow rate in the cool box is 3 m/s. Heattransmission direction of samples is from warm to cool. Airflowdirection in the cool box is upward. Emissivity on inner surface of thebox is 0.85. The samples' state is natural drying.

By comparison of heat resistance, materials such as thelight-weight-material prefabricated plate, the squeezed form plate andso on are selected as materials having heat insulation effect in thelaminated external wallboard. The reinforced net is cast via C30-gradefine-stone concrete and post-cast in an embedded form. After the heatresistance test, a thermal conductivity is 1.05 W/m·K, which is lessthan an index of 1.5 W/m·K defined by the Power-saving Standard forthermal conductivity of wall.

While particular embodiments of the invention have been shown anddescribed, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changesand modifications may be made without departing from the invention inits broader aspects, and therefore, the aim in the appended claims is tocover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spiritand scope of the invention.

1. A house comprising: a finished product main frame comprising columnsand beams connected to each other; an enclosed wall assembled frommultiple finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards,wherein, the multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards are individually formed in one piece and then assembled toform a whole finished product enclosed wall; a finished product floorcover plate; a finished product top cover plate; a finished productstair; wherein, each of the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards is fixed on an outside of the finishedproduct main frame via coordination between a plurality of wallboardmounts and a plurality of aseismatic and energy-dissipation connector,wherein, the aseismatic and energy-dissipation connector comprises ahigh-strength bolt, and the wallboard mount comprises a bolt sleevedisposed in each of the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards, in such a way, the high-strength boltpasses through a screw hole on the finished product main frame andthread connected to the bolt sleeve and fixes the each of the multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards on thefinished product main frame, and a damping pad is disposed at aconnection of the high-strength bolt and between the each of themultiple finished product composite prefabricated external wallboardsand the finished product main frame; a supporting plate is disposed onthe finished product main frame and operates to support the multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards, multiplepositioning pins are vertically disposed on the supporting plate, andmultiple positioning holes are disposed on a top surface and a bottomsurface of the multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards and correspond to the positioning pins.
 2. The houseaccording to claim 1, wherein, the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards disposed on different floors arezigzag clutch connected, and the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards on the same storey are planarlyconnected.
 3. The house according to claim 2, wherein, outsideprotruding portions and inside grooves of the multiple finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards on different floors areclutch connected to each other, vertical grooves are downwardly disposedon an end of each of the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards to form cavities, ends of multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards and thecavity are filled with waterproof glue.
 4. A house comprising: afinished product main frame comprising columns and beams connected toeach other; an enclosed wall assembled from multiple finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards, wherein, the multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards areindividually formed in one piece and then assembled to form a wholefinished product enclosed wall; a finished product floor cover plate; afinished product top cover plate; a finished product stair; wherein, thefinished product main frame, the finished product enclosed wall, thefinished product floor cover plate, the whole finished product top coverplate and the finished product stair are assembled at a base of thehouse, so as to form a house constructed from finished productcomponents.
 5. The house according to claim 4, wherein, the finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboard comprises a structurelayer, at least one light-weight filling block disposed on an inner sideof the structure layer, and a heat insulation layer attached to an outerside of the light-weight filling block; the structure layer fills a gapbetween the heat insulation layer and the light-weight filling block andattaches the heat insulation layer to the light-weight filling blockwhereby forming the whole finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboard.
 6. The house according to claim 5, wherein, thestructure layer is a reinforced concrete layer comprising a reinforcedframework arranged around and between the light-weight filling blocks, areinforced net disposed outside the heat isolation layer and connectedto the reinforced framework and fine-stone concrete filling gaps betweenthe reinforced framework, reinforced net, light-weight filling blocksand heat isolation layer, so as to form a finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboard in one piece.
 7. The house according toclaim 4, wherein, the floor cover plate and the top cover plate arelight-weight laminated slabs comprising at least two substrates formedby a hollow stripe board made of prefabricated and reinforced lightaggregate concrete disposed on the finished product main frame through asupport frame; a reinforced net and a reinforced framework disposedbetween the at least two substrates; fine-stone concrete filling gapsbetween the reinforced framework, reinforced net, two substrates and thefinished product main frame, so as to form a laminated floor cover plateor top cover plate in one piece.
 8. The house according to claim 7,wherein, the support frame is provided with a stud jointed with thereinforced net and/or the reinforced framework so as to form a steellaminated floor cover plate or top cover plate.
 9. The house accordingto claim 7, wherein, the multiple finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards disposed on different floors arezigzag clutch connected, outside protruding portions and inside groovesof the multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards on different floors are clutch connected to each other,vertical grooves are downwardly disposed on an end of each of themultiple finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards toform cavities, ends of multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards and the cavity are filled with waterproof glue. 10.The house according to claim 4, wherein, each of the multiple finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboards is fixed on anoutside of the finished product main frame via coordination between aplurality of wallboard mounts and a plurality of aseismatic andenergy-dissipation connector, wherein, the aseismatic andenergy-dissipation connector comprises a high-strength bolt, and thewallboard mount comprises a bolt sleeve disposed in each of the multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards, in such away, the high-strength bolt passes through a screw hole on the finishedproduct main frame and thread connected to the bolt sleeve and fixes theeach of the multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards on the finished product main frame, and a damping pad isdisposed at a connection of the high-strength bolt and between the eachof the multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards and the finished product main frame.
 11. The house accordingto claim 4, wherein, a supporting plate is disposed on the finishedproduct main frame and operates to support the multiple finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards, multiple positioning pinsare vertically disposed on the supporting plate, and multiplepositioning holes are disposed on a top surface and a bottom surface ofthe multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards and correspond to the positioning pins.
 12. The houseaccording to claim 5, wherein, the heat insulation layer is a squeezedfoam board layer, and the at least one light-weight filling block ismade of light-weight material having bulk density less or equal to 500kg/m².
 13. A method for constructing a house comprising a finishedproduct main frame, an enclosed wall, a finished product floor coverplate, a finished product top cover plate, a finished product stair,wherein, the method comprising: step 1, individually forming multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards in onepiece; step 2, individually forming the finished product stair in onepiece; step 3, performing foundation construction of the house; step 4,installing the columns and beams of the finished product main frame;step 5, installing an enclosed cover from assembling the multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards onto thefinished product main frame; step 6, installing a finished product topcover plate and finished product stair onto the finished product mainframe.
 14. The method for constructing a house according to claim 13,wherein, the step 5 further comprising: Step 51, forming the multiplefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards by castinglight-weight filing block and heat insulation materials, andpost-casting, high-strength, waterproof and fine-stone concrete of thereinforced net with doors and windows; step 52, transferring themultiple finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards tothe foundation of the house after inside and outside decoration; step53. installing the multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards sequentially and upwardly with the finished productmain frame on different stories or simultaneously after the finishedproduct main frame is constructed; step 54, aligning multiplepositioning holes disposed on the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards with positioning pins disposed on asupporting plate of the finished product main frame and disposing thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards on thesupporting plate; step 55, disposing a damping pad in a gap between thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards and thefinished product main frame, then tightening and fixing via optimizedfastening force by high-strength bolts.
 15. The method for constructinga house according to claim 14, wherein, in step 53, the finished productcomposite prefabricated external wallboards on different stories areclutch connected, sealing and waterproof caulking processing isperformed on connection between the finished product compositeprefabricated external wallboards on different stories.
 16. The methodfor constructing a house according to claim 15, wherein, in step 53,sealing and waterproof caulking processing is performed between thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards.
 17. Themethod for constructing a house according to claim 16, wherein, in step73, a gap between the finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards is disposed on the finished product main frame, which makesit convenient to perform caulking sealing on the gap between thefinished product composite prefabricated external wallboards and ensuresconnecting quality.
 18. The method for constructing a house according toclaim 13, wherein, in step 6, the floor cover plate and the top coverplate are light-weight laminated slabs comprising at least twosubstrates formed by a hollow stripe board made of prefabricated andreinforced light aggregate concrete disposed on the finished productmain frame through a support frame; a reinforced net and a reinforcedframework disposed between the at least two substrates; fine-stoneconcrete filling gaps between the reinforced framework, reinforced net,two substrates and the finished product main frame, so as to form alaminated floor cover plate or top cover plate.
 19. The method forconstructing a house according to claim 18, wherein, the support frameis provided with a stud jointed with the reinforced net and/or thereinforced framework so as to form a steel laminated floor cover plateor top cover plate.
 20. The method for constructing a house according toclaim 18, wherein, the multiple finished product composite prefabricatedexternal wallboards disposed on different floors are zigzag clutchconnected, outside protruding portions and inside grooves of themultiple finished product composite prefabricated external wallboards ondifferent floors are clutch connected to each other, vertical groovesare downwardly disposed on an end of each of the multiple finishedproduct composite prefabricated external wallboards to form cavities,ends of multiple finished product composite prefabricated externalwallboards and the cavity are filled with waterproof glue.